Anti-DNMT1 Antibody, Ac-4K from rabbit

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (UniProt: P26358; also known as EC: 2.1.1.37, Dnmt1, CXXC-type zinc finger protein 9, DNA methyltransferase HsaI, DNA MTase HsaI, M.HsaI, MCMT) is encoded by the DNMT1 (also known as AIM, CXXC9, DNMT) gene (Gene ID: 1786) in human. Dnmt1 is an important epigenetic regulator that plays a key role in the maintenance of DNA methylation. Dnmt1 is a homodimeric protein that is ubiquitous in its expression. It is highly expressed in fetal tissues and in heart, kidney, placenta and peripheral mononuclear cells. Its abundance is reduced to almost non-detectable levels at the G0 phase of the cell cycle and is dramatically induced upon entrance into the S-phase of the cell cycle. Its expression is regulated by many signaling pathways, including PI3/Akt, Rb/E2F and p53/SP1. Dnmt1 is shown to preferentially methylate hemimethylated DNA and it associates with DNA replication sites in the S phase to maintain the methylation pattern in newly synthesized strand, which is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Dnmt1 associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is also responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. Dnmt1 can undergo acetylation on multiple lysines mainly by KAT2B/PCAF. It can be phosphorylated on Serine 154 by Cdks and this phosphorylation is considered to be essential for its enzymatic activity and protein stability. Its phosphorylation on Serine 143 by Akt1 is reported to prevent methylation by SETD7, which increases its stability. Mutations in DNMT1 gene are reported to cause hereditary sensory neuropathy that is characterized by adult onset of progressive peripheral sensory loss associated with progressive hearing impairment and early-onset dementia.