Anti-Myelin Proteolipid Protein Antibody

Myelin proteolipid protein (UniProt: P04116; also known as PLP, DM20, Lipophilin) is encoded by the PLP1 (also known as PLP) gene (Gene ID: 281410) in bovine. Myelin proteolipid protein is a highly conserved, multi-pass membrane protein with three cytoplasmic domains, four transmembrane domains, and two extracellular domains. It is composed of a series of alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. It is the major myelin protein from the central nervous system and plays an important role in the formation or maintenance of the multilamellar structure of myelin. It is shown to be the most abundant protein of the central nervous system (CNS) myelin sheath with a relative abundance of about 17% of the myelin proteins. It is mainly expressed by myelin forming oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. PLP1 gene is reported to encode two isoforms; a 30 kDa PLP and a 25 kDa DM20 that has a deletion of 35 amino acids in the second cytoplasmic domain. The DM20 protein is expressed prior to PLP during development and as development proceeds PLP becomes the more predominant protein. Although the molecular mass of PLP is ~ 30 kDa, it migrates anomalously on SDS gels and gives a lower apparent molecular mass. (Ref.: LeVine, SM., et al. (1990). Dev. Neurosci. 12(4-5); 235-250; Yamamura, T., et al. (1991). J. Neurochem. 57(5); 1671-1680; Sarret, C., et al. (2010). Neuroscience. 166(2); 522-538).