Anti-P2Y12 Receptor from rabbit, purified by affinity chromatography

P2Y purinoceptor 12 (UniProt: Q9H244; also known as P2Y12, ADP-glucose receptor, ADPG-R, P2T(AC), P2Y(AC), P2Y(cyc), P2Y12 platelet ADP receptor, P2Y(ADP), SP1999) is encoded by the P2RY12 (also known as HORK3) gene (Gene ID: 64805) in human. P2Y12 is a multi-pass metabotropic receptor that is highly expressed in the platelets. Lower expression levels have been observed in the brain, lung, and adrenal glands. P2Y12 serves as a receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G-proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second messenger system. It is not activated by UDP and UTP. It is required for normal platelet aggregation and blood coagulation. It is the predominant receptor involved in the ADP-stimulated activation of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor. Activation of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor results in enhanced platelet degranulation and thromboxane production, and prolonged platelet aggregation. P2Y12 receptor has also been reported to be expressed on microglia and is required to neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury. P2Y12 has seven transmembrane, four cytoplasmic, and four extracellular domains. The transmembrane helices are somewhat tilted and/or kinked. Agonist binding promotes a conformation change in the extracellular loops that leads to an inward movement of the transmembrane helices. Mutations in P2RY12 gene have been linked to bleeding disorders resulting from severe impairment of platelet response to ADP resulting in defective platelet aggregation. (Ref.: Burnstock G. (2009). Curr. Pharm. Des. 15(15);1717-35; Damman, P., et al. (2012). J. Thromb. Thrombolysis. 33(2); 143-153).