Anti-phospho-H3 Antibody (Ser10), Alexa Fluor 555 Conjugate

Histone H3, also known as Histone H3.1t (H3/t), H3t, H3/g, and encoded by the gene name HIST3H3/ H3FT, is a core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Therefore, histones play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. Featuring a main globular domain and a long N-terminal tail, H3 is involved with the structure of the nucleosomes of the 'beads on a string' structure. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 protrudes from the globular nucleosome core and can undergo several different types of epigenetic modifications that influence cellular processes. These modifications include the covalent attachment of methyl or acetyl groups to lysine and arginine amino acids and the phosphorylation of serine or threonine. High levels of phosphorylation of Histone H3 are associated with mitosis. Phosphorylation at Ser10, which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys9 but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylated Ser10 is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition, Ser10 phosphorylation is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylation at Ser10 by Aurora-B mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin.