Anti-phospho-SAMHD1 (Thr592) Antibody, clone T592P clone T592P, from mouse

Deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase SAMHD1 (UniProt: Q9Y3Z3; also known as dNTPase, Dendritic cell-derived IFNG-induced protein, DCIP, Monocyte protein 5, MOP-5, SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1) is encoded by the SAMHD1 (also known as MPOS) gene (Gene ID: 25939) in human. SAMHD1 is a nuclear protein that functions as a host restriction nuclease that blocks early-stage virus replication in dendritic and other myeloid cells. It suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposon activity and may function by reducing the cellular dNTP to such low levels that prevents retroviral reverse transcription. SAMHD1 is also reported to play a role in mediating pro-inflammatory responses to TNF-alpha signaling. It is expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, spleen, liver, small intestine, placenta, lung and peripheral blood leukocytes, however, no expression is seen in brain and thymus tissue. Its expression is shown to be upregulated in TNF-alpha treated fibroblasts. SAMHD1 is allosterically stimulated by dGTP, which binds in a cleft at the interface of the homodimer and promotes the formation of highly active homotetramers. Four isoforms of SAMHD1 have been described that are produced by alternate splicing. Mutations in SAMHD1 gene are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of Chilblain lupus 2, a cutaneous form of lupus erythematosus and in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 5 that is characterized by cerebral atrophy, leukoencephalopathy, intracranial calcifications, chronic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis.