Anti-Fusion Glycoprotein of HPIV 3 Antibody

Fusion glycoprotein F0 (UniProt: P06828) is encoded by the F gene (Gene ID: 2828653) by the Human parainfluenza 3 virus (HPIV-3). HPIVs are antigenically divided into types 1-4 and type 1 and 3 are reported to cause most lower respiratory infections. HPIVs are enveloped and of medium size (150 to 250 nm), and their RNA genome is in the negative sense. HPIV3 displays three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and plasma cell membrane fusion, the heptad repeat (HR) regions assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide near the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure drives apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and plasma cell membranes. This fusion is reported to be pH independent and occurs directly at the outer cell membrane. Fusion glycoprotein F0 is a single-pass type I membrane glycoprotein that is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-18), which is subsequently cleaved off to generate the mature form. This inactive precursor F0 is glycosylated and proteolytically cleaved into F1 (aa 110-539) and F2 (19-109) to be functionally active. The cleavage is mediated by cellular proteases during the transport and maturation of the polypeptide. (Ref.: Hendrickson, KJ. (2003). Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16(2); 242-264).