Anti-MUC1 Antibody, clone HMFG2 clone HMFG2, from mouse

Mucin-1 (UniProt: P15941; MUC-1, Breast carcinoma-associated antigen DF3, Cancer antigen 15-3, CA 15-3, Carcinoma-associated mucin, Episialin, H23AG, Krebs von den Lungen-6, KL-6, PEMT, Peanut-reactive urinary mucin, PUM, Polymorphic epithelial mucin, PEM, Tumor-associated epithelial membrane antigen, EMA, Tumor-associated mucin, CD227) is encoded by the MUC1 (also known as PUM) gene (gene ID: 4582) in human. The MUC-1 alpha subunit has cell adhesive properties and functions as protective layer on epithelial cells against bacteria and enzymes. It can act as both cell adhesion and an anti-adhesion protein. It forms a tight, non-covalent heterodimeric complex with the proteolytically-released beta-subunit. The beta subunit contains a C-terminal domain that is involved in cell signaling via phosphorylations and protein-protein interactions. It modulates signaling in ERK, SRC and NF-kappa-B pathways. In activated T-cells, it impacts directly or indirectly the Ras/MAPK pathway. MUC-1 also is involved in tumor progression and transcription through regulation of Tp53. MUC-1 is expressed in epithelial cells, breast, uterus, activated and unactivated T-cells. It is shown to be over-expressed in epithelial tumors, such as breast or ovarian cancer. MUC-1 is exclusively located in the apical domain of the plasma membrane of highly polarized epithelial cells. After endocytosis, it is internalized and recycled to the cell membrane. MUC-1 is highly glycosylated (N- and O-linked carbohydrates and sialic acid) and is O-glycosylated to a varying degree on serine and threonine residues within each tandem repeat, ranging from mono- to penta-glycosylation. The average density ranges from about 50% in human milk to over 90% in T47D breast cancer cells. Its interaction, via the tandem repeat region, with domain 1 of ICAM1 is implicated in cell migration and metastases. MUC1 serves as a serological clinical marker of breast cancer to monitor response to breast cancer treatment and disease recurrence. Lower levels over time may be indicative of a positive response to treatment.