Anti-Nitrotyrosine Antibody AlexaFluor 647 Conjugate

Nitrotyrosine is produced by the action of reactive nitrogen species, such as peroxinitrite and nitrogen dioxide on tyrosine residues in proteins. Nitrotyrosine is an indicator of cell damage, inflammation, and nitric oxide production. Both free tyrosine and protein bound tyrosine residues are prone to nitration.In several pathological conditions, oxidative stress is increased resulting in the formation of super oxide and nitric oxide that react to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-), which is a highly reactive molecule. It causes oxidation of proteins and lipids and DNA damage, which results in loss of protein and lipid function and can increase the probability of gene mutations. Higher incidence of protein nitration has been reported in diabetes, atherosclerotic plaques, and rheumatoid arthritis, among others. Nitrotyrosine can be measured by amino-acid analysis of protein hydrolysates and detected cells and tissues by immunocytochemical techniques using antibodies developed against the nitrotyrosine.