Anti-pan-Actin Antibody, clone 2A3 clone 2A3, from mouse

Actin is a multi-functional cytoskeletal protein that serves as the basic building block of cytoskeletal microfilaments. Six different actin types have been reported. Skeletal muscle alpha-actin (UniProt: P68133) is encoded by the ACTA1 gene, smooth muscle alpha-actin (UniProt: P62736) by the ACTA2 gene, cytoplasmic beta-actin (UniProt: P60709) by the ACTB gene, cardiac muscle alpha-actin (UniProt: P68032) by the ACTC1 gene, cytoplasmic gamma-actin (UniProt: P63261) by the ACTG1 gene, and smooth muscle gamma-actin (UniProt: P63267) by the ACTG2 (also known as ACTA3) gene. Although actins show about 90% overall sequence homology, isoforms do show spatial, temporal, and tissue-specific expression patterns and only 50-60% homology is found in their 18 N-terminal residues. Cytoplasmic beta and gamma actins are thought to be present in all cells, while the other four actin isoforms are typically found in specific adult muscle tissue types. Actins exist in a variety of structural states, depending on the specific ionic conditions or the interaction with ligand proteins. The oligomeric and polymeric forms that actin molecules assume are dependent on the distinct conformations they adopt. This pan-actin antibody detects all isoforms actin.