Anti-phospho-Smad1 (Ser463 Antibody, Ser465) from rabbit

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1 (UniProt: Q15797; also known as MAD homolog 1, Mothers against DPP homolog 1, JV4-1, Mad-related protein 1, SMAD family member 1, SMAD1, Smad1, hSMAD1, Transforming growth factor-beta-signaling protein 1, BSP-1) is encoded by the SMAD1 (also known as BSP1, MADH1, MADR1) gene (Gene ID: 4086) in human. Smad1 is a transcriptional modulator that is activated by BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) type 1 receptor kinase. Smad1 is a receptor-regulated Smad (R-Smad) that is found in a complex with Smad4 and YY1. Upon phosphorylation at the C-terminal by BMP type 1 receptor kinase it forms a trimer with another Smad1 and Smd4. The C-terminal phosphoserines of Smad1 are recognized by the Mad Homology 2 (MH2) domain of Smad4. The Smd1/Smad4 complex then translocates to the nucleus where Smad proteins bind to their cognate DNA binding sites with low affinity. This binding is further enhanced in the presence of transcriptional co-activators. Smad1 is ubiquitinated by Smad-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF1, leading to its degradation via proteasome Smad1 variants are associated with susceptibility to pulmonary hypertension that is characterized by plexiform lesions of proliferating endothelial cells in pulmonary arterioles.