Anti-PL Scramblase 1 Antibody, clone 1A8 clone 1A8, from mouse

Phospholipid scramblase 1 (UniProt O15162; also known as Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid scramblase 1, Erythrocyte phospholipid scramblase, MmTRA1b, PL scramblase 1) is encoded by the PLSCR1 (also known as MMTRA1B) gene (Gene ID 5359) in human. Plasma membrane phospholipids are distributed asymmetrically between the inner and outer leaflets. Such asymmetrical distribution collapses in response to blood coagulation and apoptosis, resulting in phospholipid "scrambling" between the two leaflets of the plasma membrane. Flippases, floppases, and scramblases are three types enzymes known to mediate transbilayer lipid motion. Flippases and floppases function via ATP-dependent mechanism, while scramblases mediate transbilayer movement in a non-selective and energy-independent manner. Originally identified in 1996 as a 37 kDa erythrocyte type II transmembrane protein that mediates calcium-dependent membrane phospholipids redistribution, PL Scramblase 1 is the protein product encoded by the founding member of the PLSCR family of genes (PLSCR1-5). All PLSCR family members, with the exception of PLSCR2, possess a proline-rich N-terminal region containing PxxP and PPxY domains, a cysteine-rich region, a conserved calcium-binding domain (EF-hand-like), and a putative transmembrane region enriched in hydrophobic amino acids. In addition, PLSCR1 contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a DNA-binding domain that are essential for its nuclear localization and associated nuclear function. In addition to PLSCRs, TMEM16 and XKR family members have also been reported to mediate scramblase activity.